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Penn History

Modern research degrees offered by the School of Medicine and awarded by the Graduate Council of the Faculties and its predecessors (1882-2003) in chronological order:

Name of Degree Abbreviation Years and Graduate Groups
(or analogous administrative structures) 
in which the degree was offered or awarded
Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D. 1910-present

  • Anatomy (1910-1990)
  • Bacteriology (1910-1950)
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics [originally separate Graduate Groups of Physiological Chemistry and Biophysics] (1910-present)
  • Cell and Molecular Biology [originally separate Graduate Groups of Microbiology and Medical Microbiology, which later became separate Graduate Groups of Cell Biology and Molecular Biology before becoming the current Graduate Group] (1950-present)
  • Comparative Medical Sciences (1971-1997)
  • Comparative Pathology (1911-1913)
  • Epidemiology and Biostatistics (1976-present)
  • Genomics and Computational Biology (2001-present)
  • History of Medicine (1933-1949)
  • Hygiene (1929-1940)
  • Immunology (1972-present)
  • Neuroscience (1981-present)
  • Parasitology (1948-present)
  • Pathology (1910-2002)
  • Pharmacological Sciences [originally Pharmacology] (1914-present)
  • Physiology (1910-1997)
  • Public Health and Preventive Medicine (1940-1961)
  • Research Medicine (1913-1948)
Master of Science M.S. 1910-1997

  • Anatomy (1910-1952)
  • Bacteriology (1910-1950)
  • Biophysics (1930-1970)
  • Comparative Medical Sciences (1971-1997)
  • Comparative Pathology (1911-1913)
  • Epidemiology (1976-1983)
  • History of Medicine (1933-1949)
  • Hygiene (1929-1940)
  • Parasitology (1948-1975)
  • Pathology (1910-1957)
  • Pharmacological Sciences [originally Pharmacology] (1914-1975)
  • Physiological Chemistry (1910-1952)
  • Physiology (1910-1952)
  • Public Health and Preventive Medicine (1940-1961)
  • Research Medicine (1913-1948)
Master of Arts A.M. 1910-1960 (before 1940, the A.M. degree occasionally was awarded in subjects offered by the School of Medicine)

  • Medical Microbiology (1950-1960)